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The main uses of ammonia are for making fertilizer for agriculture or as an intermediate in chemical industries.Direct uses of ammonia are as a working fluid in refrigeration cycles and household cleaning solutions. However, only about 4% of ammonia is used in direct applications.However, experts expect ammonia consumption as a fuel due to environmental concerns, mainly to reduce CO2 emissions.Yes, the uses of ammonia are many. In this article, we will explore the main applications of this essential chemical....

Carbon tetrafluorides are widely used to study fluorine chemistry to prepare organofluorine compounds. It is available in a colorless and inflammable gaseous state and usually transported in liquid form under very high pressure.There exist many ways of preparing carbon tetrafluoride but the most commons industrial method is using hydrogen fluoride. When dichlorodifluoromethane reacts with hydrogen fluoride, it produces carbon tetrafluoride and hydrogen chloride.CCl2F2 + 2HF ——> CF4 + 2HClBesides this, being a highly stable compound, the thermal decomposition of carbon tetrafluoride produces toxic gases of carbonyl fluoride and carbon monoxide....

However, when carbon dioxide is water, only a little quantity of the gas is dissolved in water. It is a very unstable acid that remains in equilibrium as the solution disassociates soon to form H+ ion and HCO3- ion.Carbonic acid is a diprotic acid from which two types of salts, hydrogen carbonate (HCO3) and carbonate (CO3) are formed. It is also known as a respiratory acid since we exhale this acid in gaseous form....

The molar mass of IF3 is 183.9 g/mol. IF3 can be prepared using two methods:-1. F2 + I2 ——> IF3 at −45 °C in CCl3F.2. At low temperatures, the fluorination reaction is used.I2 + 3XeF2 ——> 2IF3 + 3XeNow let us move on to the important aspects of IF3 ie; lewis structure, molecular geometry, hybridization, etc. IF3 Lewis Structure Before we begin to learn the steps for drawing Lewis structure let’s see the Lewis structure of IF3....

Curious minds might wonder, is caffeine soluble in water, or do the tiny caffeine particles just float around in it?Caffeine is soluble in water but only by a moderate amount. The approximate amount is 2g/100 ml. Temperature plays a key role in its solubility. Duration does as well. Caffeine is highly soluble in boiling water, approximately 67%. How soluble is caffeine in water, cold water, and hot water, the differences and details might lead to confusion?...

Being a good conductor of electricity copper is used in manufacturing a number of electrical appliances. Also, due to its bright and attractive appearance copper is used in the manufacturing of jewelry and other ornamental items.Have you come across some copper articles at your home or any other place and admired them, thinking what kind of material in them? Have you thought about it in terms of chemistry? Or worse have you asked others about its features but could not get the answer?...

Besides this, there are many health benefits of consuming magnesium oxide, which makes it one of the most preferable compounds to study by scientists.Magnesium Oxide is hygroscopic in nature, which means, it carries the capacity of withholding water molecules from the environment either with the help of absorption or adsorption process.Due to this, within the human body magnesium oxide mixes with the water to produce magnesium hydroxide which is a well-known antacid reducing acidity....

It explains the reason for the immobility of nitrogen trichloride and has to be prepared on the spot whenever required.NCl3 + 3 H2O → NH3 + 3 HOClWhen Nitrogen trichloride reacts with water in the air, it produces nitrogen and chlorine gas. Both react with atmospheric gases to initiate recurring explosions that make it difficult to stop.The best way to stop the detonation of nitrogen trichloride is using hot water or sunlight....

So, can sound waves be polarized? No, sound waves can not be polarised in gas and liquid media. It is because sound waves, in gas and liquid medium, oscillate parallel and not perpendicular to the direction of their motion. The property of polarisation is only exhibited by transverse waves that move up and down or side by side i.e., perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Since sound waves behave as transverse mechanical waves in a solid medium, they can be polarised in solids....

Do you know that formic acid can naturally occur in several species of insect kingdom like ants and stingless bees?We prepare HCOOH in industries via the below-mentioned equations:CH3OH + CO ——> HCO2CH3 (1)HCO2CH3 + H2O ——> HCOOH + CH3OH (2)In laboratory preparation, the necessary chemical reactions are:C2O4H2 ——-> CO2H2 + CO2Also,Pb(HCOO)2 + H2S ——-> 2HCOOH + PbSFormic acid has a 47.018 g/mol molecular weight and a density of 1.220 g/ml....

In this article, we will study if there is any change in the density of a substance with temperature or not. So, does density change with temperature? Yes, the density of a substance is inversely related to its temperature which means that density increases with the decrease in temperature and vice versa. When the temperature of a substance increases, its molecules push away from each other due to their kinetic energy gained....

Does distilled water conduct electricity? No, distilled water doesn’t conduct electricity. Distilled water is a pure form of water that does not contain any dissolved impurities due to which no free ions are present to conduct electricity. Distilled water has a neutral PH value (neither acidic nor basic).Distilled water is free of any other impurity apart from the water molecules and they do not have the free ions in it to flow through which electric current is produced....

When we talk about water and salt together, we only think of it as a solution. Still, interestingly, that is not a certain case every time.So coming to our question, can salt absorb water? Yes, salts strongly absorb water. Salt compounds and water are polar in nature, so the force of attraction between them is quite strong. Salts that can absorb water are called hygroscopic. Above the 75% relative humidity, salt becomes deliquescent ie; it absorbs so much amount of water that it forms a solution....

Carbon disulfide is a colorless liquid having a pleasing smell, somewhat similar to chloroform. In contrast, impure carbon disulfide, typically utilized in several manufacturing purposes, is a yellowish liquid with a disagreeable odor, similar to rotten vegetables.Carbon disulfide volatilizes at normal temperature, and the vapor is two times heavier as compared to air. It implodes in the air and quickly catches fire.So, what do you think about the bonding between the sulfur-carbon-sulfur bond?...

Bromine is popularly used to disinfect cooling towers and swimming pool water, killing all the waterborne pathogens. It is also used as a flame retardant and added to different polymers to make them less flammable.Keep reading the article to learn more interesting and surprising uses of bromine. Uses of Bromine 1. Flame Retardant One of the largest commercial uses of bromine is to manufacture brominated flame retardants (BFRs), which are the mixtures of chemicals added to different products to make them less flammable....

Cyanides are released in nature via cyanogenic compounds and also produced by several microorganisms. We can find CN- ion in both organic molecules like acetonitrile and inorganic molecules like potassium cyanide.Chemical compounds containing CN- ion have a lot of applications in the present-day world. It can act as a reducing agent.As HCN, we find use in gas chamber executions and preparation of pesticides and insecticides.As NCN, it is used for gold and silver mining....

This is produced due to the difference in the electronegativity (the ability of an atom in a chemical bond to pull electrons towards itself) of two or more atoms in a molecule or in other words, the unequal sharing of their valence electrons.It involves the physical properties of the compounds such as boiling and melting points, solubility, surface tension and the interaction between the molecules.So, Is CH3Cl polar or non-polar?...

Apart from food, flour is also used in many household products. Although any grain can be made into flour, its most common varieties are made from wheat such as all-purpose flour, bread flour, etc.Let’s study more about flour and its flammability in this article.Is flour flammable? Yes, flour is highly flammable, as well as explosive in nature. It is so because its main component is starch, a type of carbohydrate....

Now the question is whether such hot glues are waterproof or not. Let’s dive in to know the answer to this question in detail and the important reasoning behind it.Is hot glue waterproof? The precise answer is yes, hot glue is waterproof. Hot glue is extremely water-resistant and has the capability of dealing with other solvents too. Not only just water, but hot glue can also endure varying temperatures, chemicals, or eroding....

Chlorine, symbolically written as Cl, is extensively found in ocean water and Earth crust as a part of compounds like sodium chloride, carnallite, etc. It is used to manufacture a wide variety of products, such as plastics, papers, rubber, antiseptics, paints, petroleum products, and medications.It is highly toxic in its gaseous form and has been used as a warfare chemical during World War I.The list of chlorine uses is very long....